using self-assembly to produce three-dimensional photonic crystals is the more feasible method . but making perfect crystalline arrays of sphere is not easy . invariably, random ( bad ) defects occur within the lattice 制备三维光子晶体的方法中,自组织法是最有实际意义、应用最广泛的方法,但是此方法难于控制晶体的生长过程,所制备的胶体晶体通常呈多晶结构。